refactor(podman): replace deprecated commands with Quadlets

- Replace podman run --restart + podman generate systemd with
  systemd Quadlet .container unit files in /etc/containers/systemd/
- Affects: Home Assistant, Portainer, Portainer Agent
- Remove workaround temp-volume create/remove for Portainer Agent
- Update install check in ct/podman-homeassistant.sh to reference
  the Quadlet file instead of the old generated .service file

podman generate systemd is deprecated since Podman 4.4 in favor of
Quadlets (podman-systemd.unit(5)). Quadlets are natively integrated
into systemd and do not require a running container to generate the
unit file.

ct/podman-homeassistant.sh

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ function update_script() {
   header_info
   check_container_storage
   check_container_resources
-  if [[ ! -f /etc/systemd/system/homeassistant.service ]]; then
+  if [[ ! -f /etc/containers/systemd/homeassistant.container ]]; then
     msg_error "No ${APP} Installation Found!"
     exit
   fi

install/podman-homeassistant-install.sh

@@ -45,32 +45,58 @@ systemctl enable -q --now podman.socket
 echo -e 'unqualified-search-registries=["docker.io"]' >>/etc/containers/registries.conf
 msg_ok "Installed Podman"
 
+mkdir -p /etc/containers/systemd
+
 read -r -p "${TAB3}Would you like to add Portainer? <y/N> " prompt
 if [[ ${prompt,,} =~ ^(y|yes)$ ]]; then
   msg_info "Installing Portainer $PORTAINER_LATEST_VERSION"
   podman volume create portainer_data >/dev/null
-  $STD podman run -d \
+  cat <<EOF >/etc/containers/systemd/portainer.container
-    -p 8000:8000 \
+[Unit]
-    -p 9443:9443 \
+Description=Portainer Container
-    --name=portainer \
+After=network-online.target
-    --restart=always \
+
-    -v /run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
+[Container]
-    -v portainer_data:/data \
+Image=docker.io/portainer/portainer-ce:latest
-    portainer/portainer-ce:latest
+ContainerName=portainer
+PublishPort=8000:8000
+PublishPort=9443:9443
+Volume=/run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
+Volume=portainer_data:/data
+
+[Service]
+Restart=always
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target multi-user.target
+EOF
+  systemctl daemon-reload
+  systemctl enable -q --now portainer
   msg_ok "Installed Portainer $PORTAINER_LATEST_VERSION"
 else
   read -r -p "${TAB3}Would you like to add the Portainer Agent? <y/N> " prompt
   if [[ ${prompt,,} =~ ^(y|yes)$ ]]; then
     msg_info "Installing Portainer agent $PORTAINER_AGENT_LATEST_VERSION"
-    podman volume create temp >/dev/null
+    cat <<EOF >/etc/containers/systemd/portainer-agent.container
-    podman volume remove temp >/dev/null
+[Unit]
-    $STD podman run -d \
+Description=Portainer Agent Container
-      -p 9001:9001 \
+After=network-online.target
-      --name portainer_agent \
+
-      --restart=always \
+[Container]
-      -v /run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
+Image=docker.io/portainer/agent:latest
-      -v /var/lib/containers/storage/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes \
+ContainerName=portainer_agent
-      portainer/agent
+PublishPort=9001:9001
+Volume=/run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
+Volume=/var/lib/containers/storage/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes
+
+[Service]
+Restart=always
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target multi-user.target
+EOF
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    systemctl enable -q --now portainer-agent
     msg_ok "Installed Portainer Agent $PORTAINER_AGENT_LATEST_VERSION"
   fi
 fi
@@ -81,18 +107,28 @@ msg_ok "Pulled Home Assistant Image"
 
 msg_info "Installing Home Assistant"
 $STD podman volume create hass_config
-$STD podman run -d \
+cat <<EOF >/etc/containers/systemd/homeassistant.container
-  --name homeassistant \
+[Unit]
-  --restart unless-stopped \
+Description=Home Assistant Container
-  -v /dev:/dev \
+After=network-online.target
-  -v hass_config:/config \
+
-  -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
+[Container]
-  -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro \
+Image=docker.io/homeassistant/home-assistant:stable
-  --net=host \
+ContainerName=homeassistant
-  homeassistant/home-assistant:stable
+Volume=/dev:/dev
-podman generate systemd \
+Volume=hass_config:/config
-  --new --name homeassistant \
+Volume=/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
-  >/etc/systemd/system/homeassistant.service
+Volume=/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
+Network=host
+
+[Service]
+Restart=always
+TimeoutStartSec=300
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target multi-user.target
+EOF
+systemctl daemon-reload
 systemctl enable -q --now homeassistant
 msg_ok "Installed Home Assistant"
 

install/podman-install.sh

@@ -45,32 +45,58 @@ systemctl enable -q --now podman.socket
 echo -e 'unqualified-search-registries=["docker.io"]' >>/etc/containers/registries.conf
 msg_ok "Installed Podman"
 
+mkdir -p /etc/containers/systemd
+
 read -r -p "${TAB3}Would you like to add Portainer? <y/N> " prompt
 if [[ ${prompt,,} =~ ^(y|yes)$ ]]; then
   msg_info "Installing Portainer $PORTAINER_LATEST_VERSION"
   podman volume create portainer_data >/dev/null
-  $STD podman run -d \
+  cat <<EOF >/etc/containers/systemd/portainer.container
-    -p 8000:8000 \
+[Unit]
-    -p 9443:9443 \
+Description=Portainer Container
-    --name=portainer \
+After=network-online.target
-    --restart=always \
+
-    -v /run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
+[Container]
-    -v portainer_data:/data \
+Image=docker.io/portainer/portainer-ce:latest
-    portainer/portainer-ce:latest
+ContainerName=portainer
+PublishPort=8000:8000
+PublishPort=9443:9443
+Volume=/run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
+Volume=portainer_data:/data
+
+[Service]
+Restart=always
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target multi-user.target
+EOF
+  systemctl daemon-reload
+  systemctl enable -q --now portainer
   msg_ok "Installed Portainer $PORTAINER_LATEST_VERSION"
 else
   read -r -p "${TAB3}Would you like to add the Portainer Agent? <y/N> " prompt
   if [[ ${prompt,,} =~ ^(y|yes)$ ]]; then
     msg_info "Installing Portainer agent $PORTAINER_AGENT_LATEST_VERSION"
-    podman volume create temp >/dev/null
+    cat <<EOF >/etc/containers/systemd/portainer-agent.container
-    podman volume remove temp >/dev/null
+[Unit]
-    $STD podman run -d \
+Description=Portainer Agent Container
-      -p 9001:9001 \
+After=network-online.target
-      --name portainer_agent \
+
-      --restart=always \
+[Container]
-      -v /run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
+Image=docker.io/portainer/agent:latest
-      -v /var/lib/containers/storage/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes \
+ContainerName=portainer_agent
-      portainer/agent
+PublishPort=9001:9001
+Volume=/run/podman/podman.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
+Volume=/var/lib/containers/storage/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes
+
+[Service]
+Restart=always
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=default.target multi-user.target
+EOF
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    systemctl enable -q --now portainer-agent
     msg_ok "Installed Portainer Agent $PORTAINER_AGENT_LATEST_VERSION"
   fi
 fi

misc/tools.func

@@ -6698,38 +6698,22 @@ EOF
 #   - Optionally uses official PGDG repository for specific versions
 #   - Detects existing PostgreSQL version
 #   - Dumps all databases before upgrade
-#   - Installs optional PG_MODULES (e.g. postgis, contrib, cron)
+#   - Installs optional PG_MODULES (e.g. postgis, contrib)
 #   - Restores dumped data post-upgrade
 #
 # Variables:
 #   USE_PGDG_REPO  - Use official PGDG repository (default: true)
 #                    Set to "false" to use distro packages instead
 #   PG_VERSION    - Major PostgreSQL version (e.g. 15, 16) (default: 16)
-#   PG_MODULES    - Comma-separated list of modules (e.g. "postgis,contrib,cron")
+#   PG_MODULES    - Comma-separated list of modules (e.g. "postgis,contrib")
 #
 # Examples:
-#   setup_postgresql                                          # Uses PGDG repo, PG 16
+#   setup_postgresql                              # Uses PGDG repo, PG 16
-#   PG_VERSION="17" setup_postgresql                          # Specific version from PGDG
+#   PG_VERSION="17" setup_postgresql               # Specific version from PGDG
-#   USE_PGDG_REPO=false setup_postgresql                      # Uses distro package instead
+#   USE_PGDG_REPO=false setup_postgresql           # Uses distro package instead
-#   PG_VERSION="17" PG_MODULES="cron" setup_postgresql        # With pg_cron module
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-# Internal helper: Configure shared_preload_libraries for pg_cron
+function setup_postgresql() {
-_configure_pg_cron_preload() {
-  local modules="${1:-}"
-  [[ -z "$modules" ]] && return 0
-  if [[ ",$modules," == *",cron,"* ]]; then
-    local current_libs
-    current_libs=$(sudo -u postgres psql -tAc "SHOW shared_preload_libraries;" 2>/dev/null || echo "")
-    if [[ "$current_libs" != *"pg_cron"* ]]; then
-      local new_libs="${current_libs:+${current_libs},}pg_cron"
-      $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "ALTER SYSTEM SET shared_preload_libraries = '${new_libs}';"
-      $STD systemctl restart postgresql
-    fi
-  fi
-}
-
-setup_postgresql() {
   local PG_VERSION="${PG_VERSION:-16}"
   local PG_MODULES="${PG_MODULES:-}"
   local USE_PGDG_REPO="${USE_PGDG_REPO:-true}"
@@ -6767,7 +6751,6 @@ setup_postgresql() {
           $STD apt install -y "postgresql-${CURRENT_PG_VERSION}-${module}" 2>/dev/null || true
         done
       fi
-      _configure_pg_cron_preload "$PG_MODULES"
       return 0
     fi
 
@@ -6803,7 +6786,6 @@ setup_postgresql() {
         $STD apt install -y "postgresql-${INSTALLED_VERSION}-${module}" 2>/dev/null || true
       done
     fi
-    _configure_pg_cron_preload "$PG_MODULES"
     return 0
   fi
 
@@ -6825,7 +6807,6 @@ setup_postgresql() {
         $STD apt install -y "postgresql-${PG_VERSION}-${module}" 2>/dev/null || true
       done
     fi
-    _configure_pg_cron_preload "$PG_MODULES"
     return 0
   fi
 
@@ -6853,16 +6834,13 @@ setup_postgresql() {
   local SUITE
   case "$DISTRO_CODENAME" in
   trixie | forky | sid)
-
     if verify_repo_available "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt" "trixie-pgdg"; then
       SUITE="trixie-pgdg"
-
     else
       msg_warn "PGDG repo not available for ${DISTRO_CODENAME}, falling back to distro packages"
       USE_PGDG_REPO=false setup_postgresql
       return $?
     fi
-
     ;;
   *)
     SUITE=$(get_fallback_suite "$DISTRO_ID" "$DISTRO_CODENAME" "https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt")
@@ -6946,7 +6924,6 @@ setup_postgresql() {
       }
     done
   fi
-  _configure_pg_cron_preload "$PG_MODULES"
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -6965,7 +6942,6 @@ setup_postgresql() {
 #   PG_DB_NAME="immich" PG_DB_USER="immich" PG_DB_EXTENSIONS="pgvector" setup_postgresql_db
 #   PG_DB_NAME="ghostfolio" PG_DB_USER="ghostfolio" PG_DB_GRANT_SUPERUSER="true" setup_postgresql_db
 #   PG_DB_NAME="adventurelog" PG_DB_USER="adventurelog" PG_DB_EXTENSIONS="postgis" setup_postgresql_db
-#   PG_DB_NAME="splitpro" PG_DB_USER="splitpro" PG_DB_EXTENSIONS="pg_cron" setup_postgresql_db
 #
 # Variables:
 #   PG_DB_NAME             - Database name (required)
@@ -6997,13 +6973,6 @@ function setup_postgresql_db() {
   $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "CREATE ROLE $PG_DB_USER WITH LOGIN PASSWORD '$PG_DB_PASS';"
   $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "CREATE DATABASE $PG_DB_NAME WITH OWNER $PG_DB_USER ENCODING 'UTF8' TEMPLATE template0;"
 
-  # Configure pg_cron database BEFORE creating the extension (must be set before pg_cron loads)
-  if [[ -n "${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS:-}" ]] && [[ ",${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS//[[:space:]]/}," == *",pg_cron,"* ]]; then
-    $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "ALTER SYSTEM SET cron.database_name = '${PG_DB_NAME}';"
-    $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "ALTER SYSTEM SET cron.timezone = 'UTC';"
-    $STD systemctl restart postgresql
-  fi
-
   # Install extensions (comma-separated)
   if [[ -n "${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS:-}" ]]; then
     IFS=',' read -ra EXT_LIST <<<"${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS:-}"
@@ -7013,12 +6982,6 @@ function setup_postgresql_db() {
     done
   fi
 
-  # Grant pg_cron schema permissions to DB user
-  if [[ -n "${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS:-}" ]] && [[ ",${PG_DB_EXTENSIONS//[[:space:]]/}," == *",pg_cron,"* ]]; then
-    $STD sudo -u postgres psql -d "$PG_DB_NAME" -c "GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA cron TO ${PG_DB_USER};"
-    $STD sudo -u postgres psql -d "$PG_DB_NAME" -c "GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA cron TO ${PG_DB_USER};"
-  fi
-
   # ALTER ROLE settings for Django/Rails compatibility (unless skipped)
   if [[ "${PG_DB_SKIP_ALTER_ROLE:-}" != "true" ]]; then
     $STD sudo -u postgres psql -c "ALTER ROLE $PG_DB_USER SET client_encoding TO 'utf8';"
@@ -7060,6 +7023,7 @@ function setup_postgresql_db() {
   export PG_DB_USER
   export PG_DB_PASS
 }
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Installs rbenv and ruby-build, installs Ruby and optionally Rails.
 #